How Your Medication Might Be Causing Your Panic Attacks

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The causes of panic attack range from the environment that you were brought up in, to particularly stressful phases of your life like divorce or the death of a spouse, to more generalized causes like being “nervous by nature”.

But there is more to it than meets the eye. Panic attacks can also be caused by certain medications! And this does not necessarily mean narcotics or hallucinogenic drugs. Let us examine some of the commonly prescribed drugs that cause panic attacks, or even withdrawal symptoms, which resemble panic attacks.

You may be an otherwise perfectly healthy individual, but on some types of medications for seeking temporary relief from some minor disorders. Yet, many of these prescription and legalized over the counter medicines can result in a panic assault. It is also possible to experience symptoms of panic attack resulting from the side effects of some medications.

Which Medications Can Trigger Panic Attacks?

Here’s a run-down of some medications that have been known to cause panic attack:

• Medications like methylphenidate, or fluoroquinolone-type antibiotics, are known to have side effects that include panic attacks. Though this is a temporary phenomenon (i.e. when a person starts the medication for the first time), the side effect profile does not change even after subsequent use. This may finally call for a change of prescription or for your doctor to lower the dosage.

• The most common group of medications prescribed to cure panic attack is anti-depressants, including SSRIs, MAOIs and tricyclic antidepressants. Normally recommended for daily consumption, these medications alter the neurotransmitter configurations to help prevent or reduce the frequency of panic attacks.

However, all anti depressants working mainly through their sedative properties are known to aggravate the symptoms of panic attacks, especially the tricyclic antidepressants.

• Even SSRIs are known to precipitate the panic attack symptoms, especially during the stage when the patient is just starting with the therapy. They even trigger panic attacks with patients who are otherwise perfectly healthy and normal.

• It is also known that use of SSRIs can result in withdrawal symptoms including panic and anxiety attacks on the rebound. Chronic and disabling depression is also known to be one of the worst case scenarios.

• Benzodiazepine is another group of medications often prescribed to treat various types of anxiety disorders. However, like alcohol withdrawal, a patient could also suffer from benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms – as part of the rebound effect of their tranquilizing properties.

The World Council of Anxiety does not recommend the use of benzodiazepines for any long term treatment of panic or anxiety disorder, primarily because of its adverse side-effect profile.

• There are several chemical substances contained in medicines – especially those used as stimulants and depressants – that can provide pharmacological triggers for a panic attack, or even result in panic disorders. These include caffeine, amphetamine, alcohol and more.

• Research confirms that 30% of panic disorder patients use alcohol and 17% use some form of psychoactive drugs. According to American Psychiatric Association use of recreational drugs may induce panic attacks or worsen the symptoms.

As well, all drugs which have a similar mode of action as alcohol, like several types of tranquilizers, can worsen panic disorder due to the subsequent distortion of brain chemistry and function.